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 3. The large proportion of the population of this country,who are engaged in manufactures, appears from the following tablededuced from a statement in an Essay on the Distribution ofWealth, by the Rev. R. Jones: For every hundred persons employed in agriculture, there are:                

Thus, in three periods of ten years, during each of which thegeneral population of the country has increased about 15 percent, or about 52 per cent upon the whole period of thirty years,the population of these towns has, on the average, increased 132per cent. After this statement, there requires no furtherargument to demonstrate the vast importance to the well-being ofthis country, of making the interests of its manufacturers wellunderstood and attended to. 

 4. The advantages which are derived from machinery andmanufactures seem to arise principally from three sources: Theaddition which they make to human power. The economy they produceof human time. The conversion of substances apparently common andworthless into valuable products.    5. Of additions to human power. With respect to the first ofthese causes, the forces derived from wind, from water, and fromsteam, present themselves to the mind of every one; these are, infact, additions to human power, and will be considered in afuture page: there are, however, other sources of its increase,by which the animal force of the individual is itself made to actwith far greater than its unassisted power; and to these we shallat present confine our observations.   

The construction of palaces, of temples, and of tombs, seemsto have occupied the earliest attention of nations just enteringon the career of civilization; and the enormous blocks of stonemoved from their native repositories to minister to the grandeuror piety of the builders, have remained to excite theastonishment of their posterity, long after the purposes of manyof these records, as well as the names of their founders, havebeen forgotten. The different degrees of force necessary to movethese ponderous masses, will have varied according to themechanical knowledge of the people employed in their transport;and that the extent of power required for this purpose is widelydifferent under different circumstances, will appear from thefollowing experiment, which is related by M. Rondelet, Sur L'Artde Batir. A block of squared stone was taken for the subject ofexperiment: